Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the main complication of both types; type I & II Diabetes mellitus. HbA1c is the gold standard parameter to estimate the glycemic index nowadays. Poor glycemic index means high blood sugar level which is the proceeding factor for development of retinopathy. Total 80 subjects were include in the study, from which 40 were type - I diabetes without retinopathy and 40 were diabetes type - I with retinopathy. HbA1c was estimated by Bio Red Variant. Retinopathy was assessed by indirect ophthalmoscope. The mean of HbA1c Type - I diabetic patients without retinopathy was9.87 ± 0.85% and in Type - I diabetes mellitus with retinopathy as, 11.27 ± 0.77% respectively. These results showed that glycemic control in type - I diabetes with retinopathy highly poor than type - I diabetic patients without retinopathy. Poor glycemic index take a part in proceeding diabetic complications like retinopathy.